Informatics Publishing Limited

P. Jaya Preethi ¹, M. Lohita ¹, P. Swarna Latha ¹, S. Zameerullah ¹, K. Veeranjineyulu ¹, A. Manohara ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Despite many achievements in human health care in the twenty first century, population in developing countries lack regular access to affordable essential drugs. For these people, modern medicine is never likely to be a realistic treatment option. In contrast medicinal plants are widely available and affordable, even in remote areas. The cost of modern medicine is increasing by modern health technology and in many cases is inappropriate to the immediate needs of people in developing countries. This review concentrates on those recent advances in science and technology that offer possible inroads for shifting the paradigm for herb-based contraception.

Keywords

Antifertility, Contraceptive, Abortification, Fabaceae, Herbs.

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K. Kavitha ¹, K. Bindu Sree ², P. Jaya Preethi ², K. Pavan Kumar ², R. Rajvel ², T. Sivakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacy, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Erode, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The coumarin-3-carboxylate prepared by known Knovengeal condensation. The coumarin-3-carbohydrazide prepared by reaction between formed carboxylate derivative with Hydrazine hydrate. The condensation of coumarin-3-carbohydrazide (CD-3) with phenylisothiocynate gives coumarin-3-carbo-N-phenylthiosemicarbazide (CD-4). The cyclization of CD-4 under different reaction conditions gives 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4- thiadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazolidinone and thiopyrimidone. The synthesized compounds were charectarized by spectral analysis (IR, 1HNMR, Mass). All the compounds were screened for their Antiinflammatory, Analgesic and Antituberculosis activity. The disc diffusion method was used for Antituberculosis activity. The MIC was determined by the micro broth dilution method using Mueller-Hinton broth. The Analgesic activity was performed by Acetic acid induced method. The Antiinflammatory activity was performed by Carrageenan induced paw edema method.

Keywords

Knovengeal Condensation, Phenylisothiocynate, Characterization, Anti Tuberculosis Activity.

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S. Haja Sherief ¹, S. Sindhura ², S. Anusha ², P. Jaya Preethi ², S. Sengotuvelu ², T. Sivakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacy, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638052, IN

Abstract

The present paper deals with evaluation of anti-anxiety activity of extract of Cyndon dactylon linn (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg P.O) on male mice using various paradigms of anxiety Cynodon dactylon commonly known as Durva is considered as a sacred herb by the Hindus and is used in religious rites. It is widely used by the people of India as a traditional medicine for diarrhea, dysentery, catarrhal opthalmia, dropsy, etc. Despite a long tradition of use, systematic phytochemical and pharmacological work has been carried out on this potential plant. Extraction was carried out with soxhlet apparatus using different solvent. Phytochemical screening showed presence alkaloids, tannins, carbohydrates, fixed oils, glycosides, flavanoids in methanolic extract of Cyndon dactylon linn thus, these constituents might be responsible for anxiolytic potential and was subjected to preliminary anti-anxiety screening studies, with a view to ascertain the verity of its traditional use as an anxiolytic.. The anti-anxiety activity was done by using elevated plus maze test, open field test, rotarod test, despair swim test, locomotar activity in rats,and then compared with the standard drug and control. In elevated plus maze, extract ( 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) had shown a dosedependent increase in time spent and number of entries into open arm compared to control group. The number of central squares, peripheral squares crossed and rearings were stepped up significantly in open field paradigm. The treated groups had shown accession in time spent in light compartment, number of crossings, latency compared to control group in light dark exploration test.The alcoholic extract of Cyndon dactylon possesses significant facilitation of anti-anxiety without affecting motor coordination.

Keywords

Cyndon dactylon (Linn), Phytochemical Screening, Anti-Anxiety Activity.

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G. Shobha Rani ¹, M. Lohita ¹, P. Jaya Preethi ¹, R. Madhavi ¹, B. Sunisitha ¹, D. Mounika ¹

Affiliations
1 Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517 102, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Glimepiride is an oral anti-diabetic drug, which is mostly used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It acts by stimulating insulin secretions from the beta cells of pancreas and is also known to enhance the peripheral insulin sensitivity thereby decreasing insulin resistance. This article examines published analytical methods that are reported so far for the determination of glimepiride in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples. They include various techniques like spectrophotometry, electrochemical methods, capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, micellarelectro kinetic capillary chromatography(MECC) with diode-array detection (DAD), liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-ESI-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and thin layer chromatography (TLC).

Keywords

Glimepiride, Analytical Methods, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K., Padmini ¹, J. Srikanth ¹, K. Swetha ¹, P. Vengal Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Shampooing is the most common form of hair treatment. Shampoos are primarily been products aimed at cleansing the hair and scalp. In the present scenario, it seems improbable that herbal shampoo, although better in performance and safer than the synthetic ones, will be popular with the consumers. A more radical approach in popularizing herbal shampoo would be to change the consumers' expectations from a shampoo, with emphasis on safety and efficacy. The present paper emphasizes on composition, types, methods of evaluation, also a brief review on herbal shampoo formulations.

Keywords

Herbal Shampoo, Types, Formulation, Evaluation Methods.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, E. Karthikeyan ¹, M. Lohita ¹, P. Goutham Teja ¹, M. Subhash ¹, P. Shaheena ¹, Y. Prashanth ¹, K. Sai Nandhu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, IN

Abstract

Benzimidazole is the heterocyclic compound formed by the fusion of benzene and imidazole ring. Benzimidazole derivatives belong to a crucial structural design that is seen in many pharmaceutically and biologically interesting molecules. Benzimidazole has shown potential for application in a variety of pharmacological targets. They have been intensively used in medicinal chemistry as drugs such as antihistaminic, antiulcerative, antihelmentic, antipsychotic etc. Benzimidazole is outstandingly effective compounds and there are a number of reviews available for biochemical and pharmacological studies which confirmed that these molecules are useful against a wide variety of microorganisms. For these reasons, they achieved much attention as important pharmacophore and privileged structure in medicinal chemistry. This review summarizes to know about the different derivatives of Benzimidazole.

Keywords

Pharmacological Activities, Substituted Benzimidazole, Benzimidazole Derivatives.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, W. Shinto Authur ¹, M. Lohita ¹, K. Swetha ¹, D. Naresh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Plants have been the beacon of therapeutic sources for curing diseases from times immemorial. We emphasize the role of information derived from various systems of traditional medicine (ethnomedicine) and its utility for drug discovery purposes. Cancer is a dreadful disease characterized by the irregular proliferation of the cells. As a cell progresses from normal to cancerous, the biological imperative to survive and perpetuate drives fundamental changes in cell behaviour. An attempt has been made to review some medicinal plants used for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Keywords

Anticancer, Medicinal Plants, Herbal Medicine, Cancer Treatment, Curcuma Longa, Azadirachata Indica.

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Srikanth Jupudi ¹, K. Padmini ¹, P. Jaya Preethi ¹, P. V. P. Deepak Bharadwaj ², P. Vengal Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, A. Rangampet, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, A. Rangampet, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

1,3-Thiazines are six membered heterocyclic rings with N-C-S linkage which have promising pharmacological activities which have drawn the attention of scientists. It is present in the fused form with βlactam ring in major class of antibiotics like cephalosporins which shows the prevalence of 1,3-thiazines.The current review focuses the significance of 1,3-thiazine derivatives as potential pharmacological moiety and future of these derivatives in the field of drug research. Some of the pharmacological activities are briefly summarized and the tables indicate the compounds with their substituted functional groups.

Keywords

1,3-Thiazines, N-C-S Linkage, βLactam Ring, Cephalosporins, Drug Research.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, M. Lohita ¹, Swarna Latha ¹, S. Zameerullah ¹, K. Veeranjineyulu ¹, A. Manohara ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Despite many achievements in human health care in the twenty first century, population in developing countries lack regular access to affordable essential drugs. For these people, modern medicine is never likely to be a realistic treatment option. In contrast medicinal plants are widely available and affordable, even in remote areas. The cost of modern medicine is increasing by modern health technology and in many cases is inappropriate to the immediate needs of people in developing countries. This review concentrates on those recent advances in science and technology that offer possible inroads for shifting the paradigm for herb-based contraception.

Keywords

Antifertility, Contraceptive, Abortification, Fabaceae, Herbs.

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S. Eswaraiah ¹, K. Swetha ¹, M. Lohita ², P. Jaya Preethi ³, B. Priyanka ⁴, Kiran Kumar Reddy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

A gel is colloid that is typically 99% by weight liquid. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state. A major limitation is in the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. To overcome the limitation a novel approach i.e. an emulsion based approach is being used so that even a hydrophobic moiety can enjoy the unique properties of gels. When gel and emulsion are used in combined form the dosage form are referred as emulgel. Emulgels have emerged as one of the most interesting topical delivery system as it has dual release control system i.e. gel and emulsion. The presence of a gelling agent in the water phase converts a classical emulsion into an emulgel. Emulgels for dermatological use have several favorable properties such as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, easily removable, emollient, non staining, water-soluble, longer shelf life, bio-friendly, transparent and pleasing appearance. The use of emulgel can be extended in analgesics and antifungal drugs.

Keywords

Emulgel, Hydrophobic, Topical Drug Delivery.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K. Padmini ¹, J. Srikanth ¹, M. Lohita ¹, K. Swetha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sri Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are medicines that speed up physical and mental processes. Central nervous system stimulants are used to treat conditions characterized by lack of adrenergic stimulation, including narcolepsy and neonatal apnea. Additionally, methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine) are used for their paradoxical effect in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The majority of CNS stimulants is chemically similar to the neurohormone norepinephrine and simulates the traditional "fight or flight" syndrome associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal. Caffeine is more closely related to the xanthines, such as theophylline. A small number of additional members of the CNS stimulant class do not fall into specific chemical groups. The review on central nervous system stimulants gives detail study of CNS stimulant drugs, their mechanism of action and in vivo models of CNS stimulants.

Keywords

CNS Stimulant, Actophotometer, Rota Rod, Open Field Test, Elevated Plus Maze.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common of the endocrine disorders. It is an important human ailment, afflicting many, from various walks of life in different countries. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is expected to reach up to 4.4% in the world by 2030. Among all type of diabetes, type 2 diabetes is main complication. Currently available treatment options in modern medicine have several adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop safe and effective treatment modalities for diabetes. Medical plants play an important role in the management of diabetes mellitus especially in developing countries where resources are meager. This article presents a review on some reported antidiabetic medicinal plants (with their botanical name, Family and part used).

Keywords

Diabetes, Medicinal Plants, Hypoglycemic.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K. Bindu Sree ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ¹, R. Rajavelu ¹, T. Sivakumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In the present study, a series of 4-thiazolidinones and 2-azetidinone derivatives were synthesized by refluxing Schiff bases with different aromatic aldehydes. Schiff bases were synthesized by reaction of nicotinamide with hydrazine hydrate. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of IR, 1H-NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These compounds were screened for anti-tubercular, anti-convulsant anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Anti-Tubercular activity mycobacterium tuberculosis and MIC level of the compounds was less than 6.25 μg/ml. Compound IIIa, IIId, IVa and IVd exhibited good Anti-convulsant activity. Compound IIIa, IIIc IIId, IVa, IVc and IVd exhibited good antibacterial activity on Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. All the synthesized compounds exhibited good Antifungal activity.

Keywords

Schiff Base, Nicotinamide, Hydrazine Hydrate, Anti-Bacterial, Anti-Fungal, Anti-Tubercular, Anticonvulsant.

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